Ergo Update
Indian antitrust authority publishes report on AI and Competition
The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has released a pivotal “Market Study on Artificial Intelligence and Competition” report on 6 October 2025 (Report). This six-chapter document provides a foundation for the regulatory response to artificial intelligence (AI) in India.
Exemption to smaller establishments; increase in working hours, overtime limits: Maharashtra promulgates key ordinance to amend shops and establishments law
The Governor of Maharashtra promulgated the Maharashtra Shops and Establishments (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) (Amendment) Ordinance, 2025 (Ordinance) in the Official Gazette on 1 October 2025, pursuant to the Governor’s assent to the same
RBI (Authentication Mechanisms for Digital Payments Transactions) Directions, 2025: Balancing Privacy and Security in Digital Payment
On 25 September 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued the ‘Authentication Mechanisms for Digital Payment Transactions Directions, 2025’ (Directions) with the objective of strengthening security of digital payments by leveraging technological advancements beyond conventional SMS-based OTPs.
GST Rate Changes and impact under Regulatory laws | Retail Sector
Effective from 22 September 2025, the 56th GST Council’s (Council) recommendations on rate reductions across categories, will be implemented.
An analysis of the September 2025 amendments to the SEBI SBEB regulations and SEBI ICDR regulations
On September 8, 2025, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) amended the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Share Based Employee Benefits and Sweat Equity) Regulations, 2021 (SEBI SBEB Regulations), to permit employees of to-be listed companies who are identified as promoters in the draft offer documents of the respective companies to continue to hold options, stock appreciation rights or any other benefits under any schemes, that were granted at least one year prior to the filing of the draft offer document. <
GST 2.0 notifications and other indirect tax developments
The 56th meeting of the GST Council, convened on 3 September 2025 in New Delhi under the chairpersonship of the Union Finance Minister, marked a transformative milestone in India’s indirect tax journey.